Foundation stitches can be used instead of making a number of chains and then working stitches into the chains.
This will be when you are working in rows.
The basic principal is the same no matter which foundation stitch you are making, Foundation Single Crochet [fsc], Foundation Half Double Crochet [fhdc], or Foundation Double Crochet [fdc].
Each height of stitch starts with a slip knot on your hook, and then chain 2.
These chains do not count as a stitch, they are only to get you started.
You will then make a chain for the stitch to sit on, and then make your stitch.
To make Foundation Single Crochet
1. Begin with a slip knot on your hook.
2. Chain 2, these chains do not count as a stitch.
3. Put hook through 1st chain.
4. Yarn over.
5. Pull through a loop.
6. Yarn over.
7. Pull through a loop, making your chain for the base of the stitch.
8. Yarn over.
9. Pull through both loops on hook to make your single crochet.